How Many House of Representatives Seats Are Vacant

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116th

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Special elections to the 117th Congress, 2021-2022
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Special elections to U.s. Congress are required in the issue of vacancies. This folio is a compilation of all special elections to the 117th Congress in 2021-2022.

Every bit of Feb 2022, there are ii special elections scheduled to consummate a term in the U.S. Senate or U.South. Business firm of Representatives:

  • California Senate
  • California's 22nd Congressional District

Seven special elections already occurred:

  • Florida's 20th Congressional District
  • Louisiana's 2d Congressional District
  • Louisiana'southward 5th Congressional District
  • Ohio'southward 11th Congressional Commune
  • Ohio'due south 15th Congressional Commune
  • New Mexico'southward 1st Congressional District
  • Texas' sixth Congressional District

Puerto Rico likewise held special elections to elect a special delegation to the U.S. House and Senate on May 16, 2021.

Special elections to Congress occur when a legislator resigns or is removed from function. Depending on the specific land laws governing vacancies, a country tin can either concord an election for U.Due south. Senate inside the same calendar year or wait until the adjacent regularly scheduled election. For the U.Due south. House, vacancies are filled through a special election.

Upcoming special elections

Elections are listed beneath in chronological order of the full general election.

California'south 22nd Congressional District

See too: California's 22nd Congressional District special election, 2022

A special ballot to make full the seat representing California's 22nd Congressional District in the U.South. Firm will be held in 2022. A top-two principal is scheduled for Apr five, 2022. The full general election will be held June 7, 2022. The filing deadline was February 10, 2022.[1]

The special ballot will fill the vacancy left by Devin Nunes (R), who resigned his seat on December 31, 2021, to become CEO of old President Donald Trump'south (R) media company, Trump Media & Technology Grouping.[two]

California Senate

Encounter as well: Us Senate special election in California, 2022

On Nov 8, 2022, there will be a special election to make full the balance of the vi-year term that Kamala Harris (D) was elected to in 2016. A primary is scheduled for June 7, 2022. The filing deadline is March xi, 2022.[3] [iv]

The special election became necessary after Kamala Harris (D) was elected Vice President of the United States.

Special election results

House

Results of special elections to the 117th Congress (House)
Race Election date Incumbent Winner Election MOV Previous election MOV 2020 Presidential ballot MOV[five]
Florida's 20th Congressional District Jan xi, 2022 Democratic Party Alcee Hastings Democratic Party Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick D+59 D+57 D+55
Louisiana'south second Congressional District April 24, 2021 Democratic Party Cedric Richmond Democratic Party Troy Carter D+10[6] D+49 D+52
Louisiana'southward fifth Congressional Commune March 20, 2021 Republican Party Ralph Abraham[seven] Republican Party Julia Letlow R+38 R+24[8] R+30
New Mexico'south 1st Congressional Commune June 1, 2021 Democratic Party Debra Haaland Democratic Party Melanie Ann Stansbury D+xxx D+16 D+23
Texas' 6th Congressional District July 27, 2021 Republican Party Ronald Wright Republican Party Jake Ellzey R+half-dozen[9] R+ix R+viii
Ohio's 11th Congressional District Nov 2, 2021 Democratic Party Marcia Fudge Democratic Party Shontel Brown D+58 D+60 D+61
Ohio's 15th Congressional Commune November 2, 2021 Republican Party Steve Stivers Republican Party Mike Carey R+17 R+27 R+14

Special elections that did not change partisan control

Florida'southward 20th Congressional District

See too: Florida's 20th Congressional District special election, 2022

Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D) won the special election to fill up the seat representing Florida's 20th Congressional District in the U.S. House on Jan 11, 2022, defeating Jason Mariner (R) with 79% of the vote to Mariner's 20%. Primaries were scheduled for November 2, 2021. The filing borderline to qualify via signature petitions was August 3, 2021, and the filing deadline to qualify via qualifying fee was August x, 2021.[10] [11] The special election filled the vacancy left past Alcee Hastings (D), who died on Apr 6, 2021.[12]

Louisiana's 2d Congressional District

Run across also: Louisiana's 2d Congressional District special election, 2021

Troy Carter (D) defeated Karen Peterson (D) in a special election to represent Louisiana's 2d Congressional District on Apr 24, 2021, with 55.2% of the vote to Peterson'southward 44.8%. Carter and Peterson received the virtually votes in the principal ballot held on March xx, 2021. Carter received 36% of the vote and Peterson received 23% of the vote. 13 other candidates competed in the race.

Carter represented Louisiana State Senate District 7, and Peterson represented Louisiana Land Senate District v. Carter assumed office January 11, 2016, and Peterson assumed office in February 2010. EMILY'south List, Stacey Abrams (D), and Gary Chambers (D), who finished third in the March twenty main, endorsed Peterson. Cedric Richmond (D), the district's one-time representative, and Jim Clyburn (D) endorsed Carter. [13] Click hither to see more endorsements.

Both Carter and Peterson emphasized their feel every bit lawmakers. Carter said, "Throughout my career I've remained laser focused on the simple means to amend people's day to twenty-four hour period lives – like guaranteeing access to COVID-nineteen 19 [sic] vaccine, equality pay for women, criminal justice reform and fighting for a living wage." Peterson said "[a]fter Katrina hit, I told the truth, held people accountable, and fought to aid our families and our businesses rebuild. And that's what I'll do in Congress to lead us out of this pandemic."[14]

Carter emphasized his relationship with Richmond, who was an advisor to President Joe Biden (D) at the time of the election. "As a new congressman," Carter said, "I would accept the ear of the guy who has the ear of the President of the United States of America." Peterson focused on Abrams' endorsement of her and the need for more than women in elected function, saying "It is fourth dimension for women to have a seat at the table."[xv]

Both candidates supported legalizing recreational marijuana, ending cash bond, forgiving student debt loans for up to $50,000, and a moratorium on new oil and gas leases on federal land and water. Both supported increasing the federal minimum wage, but disagreed on what information technology should be raised to. Carter supported raising the minimum wage to $15 per hour, while Peterson said she supported raising it to $20 per hour. The candidates also differed on health intendance policy, with Carter supporting a public choice assuasive people to cull betwixt a government-funded program and private insurance and Peterson supporting a Medicare for All universal health care plan.[xvi]

Three election forecasters rated Louisiana's 2nd Congressional District Solid Democratic during the 2022 general election. In the Nov 3, 2020, ballot, Cedric Richmond (D) won with 63.9% of the vote. Richmond was beginning elected in 2010. A Democrat has represented the 2nd District continuously since 2000 except from 2009-2011. In 2008, Republican Joseph Cao defeated William J. Jefferson. Cao lost his bid for reelection to Richmond in 2010.

The special ballot filled the vacancy left by Richmond. Richmond resigned from the House on January 15, 2021, after president-elect Biden announced Richmond would join his administration every bit a senior adviser to the president and director of the White Business firm Office of Public Engagement on Nov 17, 2020. Neither of these positions crave Senate confirmation.[17]

Louisiana's 5th Congressional District

See also: Louisiana's 5th Congressional District special ballot, 2021

Julia Letlow (R) won the special primary election in Louisiana's 5th Congressional Commune on March 20, 2021 with 64.5% of the vote. The special election filled the vacancy left by Luke Letlow (R), who died before beingness seated in the 117th Congress from complications related to COVID-xix.[xviii]

Candy Christophe (D) and Julia Letlow (R) led the field in media coverage leading up to the ballot. Christophe, the only Democratic candidate running in the main, has worked as a business owner and social worker.[19] Letlow, the widow of Congressman-elect Luke Letlow, has worked in marketing and as an administrator at the University of Louisiana Monroe and Tulane University.[20] To read more about the candidates' central campaign messages, click here.

Chad Conerly (R), Allen Guillory Sr. (R), Robert Lansden (R), Jaycee Magnuson (R), Horace Melton (R), Richard Pannell (R), Sancha Smith (R), Errol Victor (R), Jim Davis (I), and M.V. Mendoza (I) also ran.

Before 2021, Louisiana'south 5th was represented past Ralph Abraham (R), who won re-election in the 2022 nonpartisan principal with 67% of the vote to Jessee Carlton Fleenor's (D) 30%. In the 2022 presidential election, Donald Trump (R) defeated Joe Biden (D) 65% to 34% in the commune.[21] Louisiana'due south 5th was last represented by a Democrat in 2004, when Rep. Rodney Alexander (R) changed his partisan amalgamation from Autonomous to Republican.[22]

Christophe previously ran in the 2022 main election in Louisiana's fifth. Luke Letlow and Lance Harris (R) advanced to the general election with 33.1% and 16.6% of the vote, respectively. Christophe received xvi.4% of the vote. Luke Letlow won the runoff election against Harris by 24% of the vote. Letlow died from complications related to COVID-nineteen on Dec 29, 2020, 5 days earlier the 117th Congress was sworn in on January 3, 2021.

Every bit of February nineteen, 2022, 9 special elections have been called during the 117th Congress. From the 113th Congress to the 116th Congress, 50 special elections were held. For more data on historical congressional special elections, click hither. Two of the special elections called for the 117th Congress were taking identify in Louisiana, in the fifth Congressional District and the 2nd Congressional Commune. Louisiana's 5th Congressional District ballot and Texas' sixth Congressional Commune election were both chosen to fill vacancies left by politicians who died from complications related to COVID-19.

Louisiana elections apply the Louisiana bulk-vote system. All candidates compete in the same main, and a candidate can win the election outright past receiving more 50% of the vote. If no candidate does, the top two vote recipients from the principal accelerate to the general election, regardless of their partisan affiliation.

For information about which offices are nominated via main election, see this article. If necessary, the general ballot was scheduled for April 24, 2021.[23]

New Mexico's 1st Congressional Commune

Meet also: New United mexican states's 1st Congressional District special ballot, 2021

Melanie Ann Stansbury (D) defeated Marker Moores (R) and four other candidates in New Mexico's 1st Congressional Commune special ballot on June 1, 2021. The ballot was called following incumbent Debra Haaland's (D) confirmation equally secretarial assistant of the interior for the Biden administration on March xv, 2021.[24] Stansbury received 60% of the vote to Moores' 36%. No other candidate received more than 5% of the vote.[25]

The Democratic Political party nominated Stansbury at a convention on March 31.[26] The Republican Party nominated Moores at a convention on March 27.[27] Aubrey Dunn (I), Christopher Manning (L), write-in Laura Olivas (I), and write-in Robert Ornelas (I) also ran in the election.

Haaland was first elected to stand for New United mexican states'south 1st in 2018. She won re-election in 2022 confronting Michelle Garcia Holmes (R) 58.2% to 41.viii%. New Mexico'southward 1st was rated Solid Democratic during the 2022 general ballot. The district last elected a Republican in 2006, when Heather Wilson (R) was re-elected. In the 2022 presidential election, Joe Biden (D) defeated Donald Trump (R) in the district 60.two% to 37.4%.[28]

The outcome of this race afflicted partisan control of the U.Due south. House of Representatives in the 117th Congress. At the time of the election, Democrats had a 219 to 211 majority over Republicans. Five seats were vacant. As of February nineteen, 2022, nine special elections have been called during the 117th Congress. From the 113th Congress to the 116th Congress, l special elections were held. For more data on historical congressional special elections, click here.

Ohio's 11th Congressional District

See as well: Ohio's 11th Congressional District special election, 2021

Shontel Brown (D) defeated Laverne Gore (R) in a special election to fill up the seat representing Ohio's 11th Congressional District in the U.S. House on Nov 2, 2021. Brownish received 81.vii percent of the vote and Gore received 18.3 pct of the vote. Primaries were scheduled for August 3, 2021. The full general ballot was held November 2, 2021. The filing deadline was May 5, 2021.[29]

The special ballot was called after Marcia Fudge (D-Ohio) was confirmed equally secretarial assistant of housing and urban evolution in President Joe Biden'due south (D) administration. The Senate voted 66-34 to confirm Fudge on March 10, 2021.[30]

Fudge'south commune, Ohio'southward 11th Congressional District, was rated Solid Autonomous during the 2022 general ballot.

Ohio'southward 15th Congressional District

See also: Ohio's 15th Congressional Commune special ballot, 2021

Mike Carey (R) defeated Allison Russo (D) to win the special election in Ohio'due south 15th Congressional District in the U.Southward. Firm. Carey and Russo won their respective primaries on Baronial three, 2021, to advance to the special full general election on November 2, 2021.[31] The filing deadline was May 17, 2021.[32]

The special ballot filled the vacancy left by Steve Stivers (R), who resigned to go the President and CEO of the Ohio Sleeping room of Commerce, effective May 16, 2021.[33]

Texas' 6th Congressional District

See also: Texas' 6th Congressional District special election, 2021

Jake Ellzey (R) defeated Susan Wright (R) in a July 27, 2021, special runoff ballot to fill the vacancy in Texas' 6th Congressional District.[34] With 98% of precincts reporting, Ellzey received 53% of the vote to Wright'south 47%.[35] Both runoff candidates were Republicans. The seat did not change party command every bit a issue of the special ballot.

The two advanced from a 23-candidate special ballot on May 1, 2021.[36] Wright received xix.2% of the vote, while Ellzey received thirteen.eight% of the vote.

The previous incumbent, Ronald Wright (R), died from COVID-19 related complications on February seven, 2021. Susan Wright is Ronald Wright's widow. Sometime President Donald Trump (R) endorsed her on April 26.[37] Former Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R), who served in Trump'southward cabinet, endorsed Ellzey.[38]

Patrick Svitek of The Texas Tribune reported that in statements and interviews in the days following the special election, the candidates "[agreed] that they do non have many — if any — policy differences." In an interview with Marker Davis, a conservative radio host based in Texas, Wright said that she and Ellzey differed more in manner than on policy and that the runoff would be nearly who voters trust more to fight for them in Congress. In his interview with Davis, Ellzey blamed any divisiveness in the ballot on Social club for Growth, which ran ads confronting Ellzey. Following the special ballot, David McIntosh, president of the Society for Growth, chosen on Ellzey to drop out of the race and endorse Wright.[39] [twoscore]

The commune was more than competitive in both presidential and congressional elections from 2012 to 2020. In 2020, Donald Trump (R) won the district 51% to 48%, running behind Wright, who won 53% to 44%. In 2016, Trump won the commune 54% to 42%, while then-Rep. Joe Barton (R) won 58% to 39%. In 2012, Mitt Romney (R) won the commune 58% to 41% while Joe Barton won re-ballot 58% to 39%. Midterm elections in the district followed the same tendency. In 2018, Wright won re-election 53% to 45%, while Barton won 61% to 36% in 2014.

Special elections to fill Biden administration appointment vacancies

The post-obit special elections have been called to fill vacancies opened by Biden administration appointments.

Special elections to the 117th Congress to make full Biden administration appointee vacancies
District Incumbent Election date
New United mexican states's 1st Congressional District Debra Haaland (D) June 1, 2021
Ohio's 11th Congressional Commune Marcia Fudge (D) November 2, 2021

Historical election information

Special elections, 2013-2022

Every bit of February 2022, 57 special elections to the United States Congress were held during the 113th through 117th Congresses. During that fourth dimension, special elections were called for 20 seats vacated by Democrats and 37 vacated by Republicans.

The table below details how many congressional seats inverse parties as the upshot of a special election between 2013 and 2022. The numbers on the left side of the table reflect how many vacant seats were originally held past each political party, while the numbers on the right side of the table prove how many vacant seats each political party won in special elections.

Congressional special election vacancies and results, 113th Congress to 117th Congress
Congress Full elections held Vacancies before elections Seats held after elections Internet alter
Democratic Party Democrats Republican Party Republicans Democratic Party Democrats Republican Party Republicans
117th Congress vii 4 3 iv iii No change
116th Congress 10 3 7 4 6 +1D, -1R
115th Congress 17 iv 13 8 nine +4 D, -4 R
114th Congress 7 2 5 ii 5 No modify
113th Congress sixteen vii nine 7 9 No alter
Averages 11 4 seven 5 6 Northward/A

Special elections, 1986-2012

The table below presents the results of special elections to Congress from 1986 to 2012. Contact Ballotpedia at editor@ballotpedia.org for access to before data.

Results of special elections to Congress (1986-2012)
Ballot bicycle Total special elections U.Due south. Business firm elections Seats changing partisan command U.S. Senate elections Seats changing partisan command
2011-2012 11 eleven None None None
2009-2010 xv 10 3 (2 Democratic gains; 1 Republican gain) five 2 (all Republican gains)
2007-2008 14 12 iii (two Republican gains; 1 Democratic proceeds) 2 None
2005-2006 12 12 three (all Democratic gains) None None
2003-2004 6 6 None None None
2001-2002 vi 5 2 (all Democratic gains) 1 1 (Republican gain)
1999-2000 9 8 1 (Republican gain) ane 1 (Democratic proceeds)
1997-1998 3 3 None None None
1995-1996 11 nine 1 (Republican gain) 2 1 (Democratic gain)
1993-1994 9 6 1 (Republican gain) three 3 (all Republican gains)
1991-1992 10 7 2 (all Republican gains) iii i (Democratic gain)
1989-1990 x 8 1 (Autonomous proceeds) 2 None
1987-1988 12 12 3 (2 Democratic gains; 1 Republican proceeds) None None
1985-1986 viii 8 1 (Republican proceeds) None None
Full 136 117 21 (11 Democratic gains; 10 Republican gains) xix 9 (6 Republican gains; iii Autonomous gains)

See as well

  • United States Congress
  • Usa Senate
  • U.s.a. House of Representatives
  • Filling vacancies in the U.Due south. Senate
  • Joe Biden presidential transition

Footnotes

  1. California Secretarial assistant of State, "Congressional District 22, Special Primary Ballot Calendar," accessed January 10, 2022
  2. NPR, "Rep. Devin Nunes is resigning from Congress to exist CEO of Trump's new media company," December 6, 2021
  3. California Secretary of State, "June 7, 2022, Statewide Straight Primary Election Calendar," accessed January 31, 2022
  4. Federal Election Commission, "Dates and Deadlines," accessed January 31, 2022
  5. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012," accessed April 6, 2021
  6. Runoff MOV between two Democratic candidates.
  7. This special ballot was chosen to fill the vacancy left by 2022 Congressman-elect Luke Letlow (R), who died before being sworn in to Congress.
  8. Runoff MOV between two Republican candidates.
  9. Runoff MOV between two Republican candidates.
  10. NBC half-dozen South Florida, "DeSantis Announces Special Ballot for Congressional District 20," May 4, 2021
  11. Florida Division of Elections, "Detect of Special Ballot for the Office of U.s. Representative in Congress, District 20," accessed June i, 2021
  12. The Hill, "Florida Rep. Alcee Hastings dead at 84," April 6, 2021
  13. New Orleans Public Radio, "Baton Rouge Activist Gary Chambers Mounts Bid For 2nd Congressional Dist. Seat," February 2, 2021
  14. The Advocate, "2nd Congressional Districts candidates go to Television," February 13, 2021
  15. KLFY, "Who volition succeed Cedric Richmond in Congress? Hopefuls file their papers," January 21, 2021
  16. NOLA, "Karen Carter Peterson steers slightly left of Troy Carter in first Louisiana congressional argue," April 16, 2021
  17. Daily Advertiser, "Joe Biden names nine top White House appointees, including Rep. Cedric Richmond and campaign manager O'Malley Dillon," Nov 17, 2020
  18. The Hill, "Louisiana Rep.-elect hospitalized as a precaution for COVID-xix infection," December nineteen, 2020
  19. Candy Christophe's 2022 campaign website, "Run into Candy," accessed February 3, 2021
  20. Julia Letlow's 2022 entrada website, "Julia Letlow, Ph.D., Announces Candidacy for Louisiana's 5th Congressional Commune," January xix, 2021
  21. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012," accessed February 3, 2021
  22. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "Alexander, Rodney," accessed March 11, 2021
  23. Louisiana Secretarial assistant of State, "Get Election Information," accessed March xviii, 2021
  24. NPR, "Deb Haaland Confirmed As 1st Native American Interior Secretary," March xv, 2021
  25. New United mexican states Secretary of State, "Election Results: Special Congressional Ballot June 1, 2021," accessed June 3, 2021
  26. Albuquerque Periodical, "Stansbury called every bit Democratic nominee for special election," March 31, 2021
  27. Albuquerque Journal, "Marking Moores will be Republican CD1 candidate," March 27, 2021
  28. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results past congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012," accessed April twenty, 2021
  29. News 5 Cleveland, "Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine announces appointment for special election to fill up Marcia Fudge'due south 11th Congressional seat," March xviii, 2021
  30. CNN, "Senate confirms Ohio Rep. Marcia Fudge as HUD secretary," March 10, 2021
  31. WFMJ NBC 21, "Governor Mike DeWine calls special election for Ohio's 15th Congressional District," April 26, 2021
  32. WFMJ NBC 21, "Governor Mike DeWine calls special ballot for Ohio'due south 15th Congressional District," April 26, 2021
  33. ABC 6, "Steve Stivers resigns from Congress to lead Ohio Sleeping room of Commerce," April 19, 2021
  34. Office of the Texas Governor, "Declaration for Commune 6 runoff, Wright replacement election," accessed May 12, 2021
  35. NBC DFW, "Jake Ellzey Declares Victory in Commune 6 Runoff Ballot," July 27, 2021
  36. Governor of Texas Greg Abbott, "Special election announcement - 6th Congressional District," accessed February 24, 2021
  37. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named trump
  38. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named perry
  39. The Texas Tribune, "Texas GOP gears upward for contentious runoff in TX-6 congressional race as Democrats grapple with existence shut out," May 5, 2021
  40. Club for Growth, "CLUB FOR GROWTH PAC CONGRATULATES SUSAN WRIGHT," May ii, 2021
  41. Both general ballot candidates were Republicans.
  42. This race was unopposed.
  43. 43.0 43.one Both full general election candidates were Democrats.
  44. Lamb won by a margin of 0.4 percentage points.
  45. Wild won past a margin of 0.2 percentage points.
  46. The land Board of Elections declined to certify the results of the 2022 election following allegations of absentee ballot fraud.
  47. Collins won past 0.3 percentage points.
  48. This special ballot was called to fill the vacancy left past 2022 Congressman-elect Luke Letlow (R), who died before being sworn in to Congress.
  49. Runoff MOV between ii Republican candidates.
  50. Runoff MOV between ii Autonomous candidates.
  51. Runoff MOV between two Republican candidates.

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Source: https://ballotpedia.org/Special_elections_to_the_117th_United_States_Congress_(2021-2022)

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